Physics Quiz

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Questions

1. A car moves along a straight path with a velocity given by \(v(t) = 3t^2 - 2t + 4\) (m/s). What is the acceleration at \(t = 2\) s?





2. A ball is thrown upward with an initial velocity of 20 m/s. What is the maximum height it reaches? (\(g = 9.8\) m/s2)





3. A 10-kg block slides down a frictionless incline of height 5 m. What is its velocity at the bottom?





4. The moment of inertia of a uniform solid sphere rotating about its diameter is:





5. A satellite is in a circular orbit around Earth at a height of 500 km. What is its orbital speed? (Radius of Earth = 6,400 km, \(g = 9.8\) m/s2)





6. A particle of mass 2 kg is moving in a circular path of radius 0.5 m with a constant speed of 4 m/s. What is the centripetal force?





7. A spring with a spring constant of 200 N/m is compressed by 0.1 m. What is the potential energy stored in the spring?





8. A pendulum has a length of 1 m and is displaced by a small angle. What is its period? (\(g = 9.8\) m/s2)





9. A ball of mass 0.5 kg is tied to a string and swung in a horizontal circle of radius 1 m with a speed of 2 m/s. What is the tension in the string?





10. Two masses, \(m_1 = 2 \, \text{kg}\) and \(m_2 = 3 \, \text{kg}\), are connected by a light string over a frictionless pulley. What is the acceleration of the system? (\(g = 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2\))





11. A Carnot engine operates between two reservoirs at 500 K and 300 K. What is its efficiency?





12. The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on:





13. An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal process. What is the change in internal energy?





14. In a cyclic process, the net work done by the system is equal to:





15. The heat capacity at constant volume (\(C_v\)) for an ideal gas is related to its degrees of freedom (\(f\)) by:





16. In an adiabatic process, the relationship between pressure and volume for an ideal gas is:





17. Which of the following processes increases the entropy of the system?





18. For an ideal gas, the change in enthalpy (\(dH\)) during an isobaric process is given by:





19. The second law of thermodynamics states that:





20. The efficiency of a Carnot engine depends on:





21. The electric field inside a uniformly charged spherical shell is:





22. A current-carrying circular loop produces a magnetic field at its center. The direction of the field is given by:





23. The total flux through a closed surface is proportional to:





24. The potential difference across a capacitor is halved. The energy stored in it becomes:





25. The time constant of an RC circuit is given by:





26. A long, straight current-carrying wire produces a magnetic field around it. The magnetic field strength at a distance \(r\) is proportional to:





27. The force between two parallel current-carrying wires is:





28. Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction states that the induced emf is proportional to:





29. The SI unit of magnetic flux is:





30. A transformer works on the principle of:





31. A convex lens has a focal length of 10 cm. An object is placed at a distance of 15 cm. What is the nature of the image?





32. The critical angle for total internal reflection occurs when:





33. The interference pattern in Young’s double-slit experiment has bright fringes due to:





34. The resolving power of a microscope increases when:





35. Which color has the shortest wavelength in visible light?





36. A plane mirror produces an image that is:





37. In a diffraction pattern, the angular width of the central maximum decreases if:





38. A light ray passing through the focus of a convex lens emerges:





39. The refractive index of a medium depends on:





40. In Huygens' principle, each point on a wavefront is considered as:





41. The energy levels in a hydrogen atom are proportional to:





42. The photoelectric effect demonstrates the:





43. The de Broglie wavelength of a particle is inversely proportional to:





44. The rest energy of an electron is approximately:





45. In nuclear fission, the total mass of the products is:





46. The wavelength of X-rays is comparable to:





47. The uncertainty principle relates:





48. The Bohr model of the atom assumes:





49. Pair production is a process where:





50. The Compton effect involves:





51. A charged particle is moving in a circular path under the influence of a magnetic field. The frequency of its circular motion depends on:





52. The heat generated in a resistor connected to an AC source is proportional to:





53. The energy required to ionize a hydrogen atom from its ground state is:





54. In Young’s double-slit experiment, the fringe width increases if:





55. A Carnot engine operates between reservoirs at 400 K and 300 K. If it absorbs 100 J of heat from the hot reservoir, how much work is done?





56. The wavelength of a photon required to eject an electron with zero kinetic energy from a metal surface with work function 2 eV is:





57. In an LCR circuit at resonance, the impedance of the circuit is:





58. The kinetic energy of an electron accelerated through a potential difference of 1 kV is:





59. The change in entropy when 1 kg of water is converted to ice at 0°C is:





60. A photon and a neutron have the same momentum. Which has a longer wavelength?





61. A capacitor of 10 µF is charged to 50 V and then disconnected. What is the energy stored in the capacitor?





62. The focal length of a lens is 20 cm. An object is placed 60 cm from the lens. Where is the image formed?





63. The magnetic flux through a coil changes from 0.02 Wb to 0.06 Wb in 0.1 seconds. The induced emf is:





64. An electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from \(n=3\) to \(n=2\). The wavelength of the emitted photon is:





65. The root mean square speed of gas molecules at temperature \(T\) is proportional to:





66. The Doppler effect is observed when:





67. A monochromatic light of wavelength 500 nm falls on a single slit of width 0.1 mm. The angular width of the central maximum is approximately:





68. A particle undergoes simple harmonic motion. Its total energy is proportional to:





69. A Carnot refrigerator transfers heat at a rate of 200 W from a reservoir at 260 K to a reservoir at 300 K. The input power required is:





70. A photon and an electron have the same energy. Which has the longer wavelength?





71. A gas is confined in a cylinder with a piston. The piston is displaced sinusoidally, causing the gas to oscillate. If the process is adiabatic, the pressure and volume follow the relation:





72. In a vertical cylinder, a gas is confined by a piston of mass \(m\). If the piston oscillates due to small displacements, the angular frequency of oscillation depends on:





73. A gas in a cylinder undergoes an isothermal compression. The work done is proportional to:





74. In an oscillating system, the spring constant \(k\) is replaced by a gas system confined in a cylinder. The effective spring constant of the gas is proportional to:





75. A piston oscillates with small amplitudes in a cylinder containing an ideal gas. If the process is isothermal, the restoring force is proportional to:





76. In a cyclic process involving an ideal gas, the work done per cycle is equal to:





77. A mass attached to a spring oscillates inside a heat reservoir. Over time, the amplitude of oscillation decreases due to:





78. A gas in a cylinder undergoes rapid compression, leading to oscillations in pressure and temperature. The oscillations are a result of:





79. An ideal gas undergoes simple harmonic motion in a vertical cylinder under a piston. The angular frequency of oscillation is proportional to:





80. A gas-filled balloon oscillates vertically in response to buoyant forces. The restoring force depends on:





81. According to Gauss's law, the electric flux through a closed surface is proportional to:





82. A spherical shell of radius \(R\) is uniformly charged. What is the electric field at a distance \(r > R\) from the center of the shell?





83. The electric field inside a uniformly charged spherical shell is:





84. Using Gauss's law, the electric field due to an infinitely long line of charge with linear charge density \(\lambda\) at a distance \(r\) is:





85. A plane sheet of charge has a surface charge density \(\sigma\). Using Gauss's law, the electric field near the sheet is:





86. A point charge \(q\) is placed at the center of a spherical Gaussian surface. The electric flux through the surface depends on:





87. Ampere's law relates the magnetic field along a closed path to:





88. A long, straight current-carrying wire produces a magnetic field. According to Ampere's law, the field strength at a distance \(r\) is proportional to:





89. The magnetic field inside a solenoid of length \(L\), having \(N\) turns, carrying current \(I\), is given by:





90. A toroid has \(N\) turns and carries a current \(I\). Using Ampere's law, the magnetic field inside the toroid is proportional to:





91. A charged particle of mass \(m\) and charge \(q\) is in a uniform electric field \(\mathbf{E}\) and uniform magnetic field \(\mathbf{B}\). If \(\mathbf{E}\) and \(\mathbf{B}\) are perpendicular to each other, what is the trajectory of the particle if its initial velocity is zero?





92. In a Carnot cycle, the working substance is an ideal gas with molar heat capacity \(C_v = \frac{3}{2}R\). If the gas absorbs 100 J of heat from the hot reservoir, calculate the total work done by the gas if the temperature ratio is \(T_h/T_c = 2\).





93. A spherical Gaussian surface encloses two point charges, \(q_1 = +5\mu C\) and \(q_2 = -3\mu C\). What is the net electric flux through the surface?





94. In Young’s double-slit experiment, a thin film of refractive index \(n\) and thickness \(t\) is introduced in front of one slit. The shift in the central fringe position is proportional to:





95. An electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from \(n=4\) to \(n=2\). The wavelength of the emitted photon lies in which region of the electromagnetic spectrum?





96. A cylindrical capacitor is filled with a dielectric of constant \(\kappa\). If the dielectric is replaced with two different dielectrics \(\kappa_1\) and \(\kappa_2\), how does the equivalent capacitance change?





97. A particle is moving in a potential field \(V(x) = \frac{1}{2}kx^2\). The time period of oscillation depends on:





98. A gas in a cylinder undergoes a quasi-static adiabatic process. If the pressure is halved, the volume changes by a factor of:





99. The Bohr radius for the hydrogen atom is approximately \(0.53 \, \text{Å}\). If the nucleus were replaced by a particle of double charge, the Bohr radius would:





100. In a system of three charges placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle, the net electric potential at the center of the triangle depends on:





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